Black Oxide Stainless Steel Studs have an attractive matte black finish, are abrasion resistant, reduce friction, and prevent galling.
This black oxide finish does not change the strength of the stainless steel and there is practically no dimensional change to base stainless steel fastener.
Double ended studs, or "tap end studs" have a shorter length of thread on one side, an unthreaded middle shank, and a longer length of thread at the other end. Both sides are right hand threaded and can accept a nut or installation into a tapped hole.